Chapter 4: Pest Treatment Strategies and Tactics

Anderson, E. 1971. Plants, Man and Life. Berkeley: University of California Press. 251 pp.
An inspiring account of the author’s adventures as a botanist in the United States and Central America. He describes the diverse garden designs found among Central America’s food-producing plots.

Askew, R.R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. New York: American Elsevier. 216 pp.
A survey of insects that exhibit the parasitic (and parasitoid) lifestyle, with an emphasis on parasitism in contrast to parasitoidism.

Brooklyn Botanic Garden. 1974. Handbook on Biological Control of Plant Pests (Vol. 16, No. 3). 97 pp.
An excellent introduction to the field of biological control. It includes good photographs and articles by many important figures in the field.

Clausen, C.P. 1972. Entomophagous Insects. New York: Hafner. 688 pp.
A reprint of the classic 1940 book. It remains a useful source of information on many groups of predacious and parasitic insects.

Clausen, C.P. 1978. Introduced Parasites and Predators of Arthropod Pests and Weeds: A World Review. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of Agriculture (Agricultural Handbook No. 480). 545 pp.
A compendium of the results of previous importation projects that is an excellent starting place for learning about the biology of natural enemy species.

Davis, D.W., S.C. Hoyt, J.A. McMurty, and M.T. AliNiazee. 1979. Biological Control and Insect Pest Management. Berkeley: Division of Agricultural Science, University of California (Publication 4096). 102 pp.
This publication introduces the field, provides current information and discusses directions future research should take.

DeBach, P., ed. 1964. Biological Control of Insect Pests and Weeds. London: Chapman and Hall. 844 pp.
A thoroughly documented research text that was for many years the major text used in graduate-level courses.

DeBach, P. 1974. Biological Control by Natural Enemies. London: Cambridge University Press. 323 pp.
This introductory text describes the early history of the use of insects against other insects. It includes case histories, descriptions of organisms used in classical importation projects, a discussion of different types of biological controls and a chapter on the pesticide dilemma and how to escape from it. It was a source for the information on the economics of biological control versus chemical control cited in this chapter.

Howard, L.O. 1930. A History of Applied Entomology. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution (Miscellaneous Collection No. 84). 564 pp.
This book is the starting point for anyone interested in the historical development of biological control and entomology in the United States and worldwide. It is largely a collection of notes on various projects, subjects and pests by the “father of American entomology.”

Hoy, M., and D.C. Herzog. 1985. Biological Control in Agricultural IPM Systems. New York: Academic Press.
This book is the result of a three-day conference that explored the use of biological control in traditional U.S. commercial agriculture. It contains 31 papers on almost every aspect of the subject. The preface and overview contain powerful arguments for the wider use of biological controls that should also be read by those who need to be convinced of the validity of this strategy.

Huffaker, C.B., ed. 1971. Biological Control. New York: Plenum Press. 511 pp.
The 20 chapters by different authors are divided into four sections: theory and ecology, outstanding examples of classical biocontrol, naturally occurring biological control, and the key role of biological control in developing IPM programs.

Metcalf, R.L., and W. Luckman. 1975. Introduction to Insect Pest Management. New York: John Wiley and Sons. 587 pp.
This excellent introduction to agricultural IPM emphasizes the role of biological control.

Papavizas, G.C. 1982. Biological Control in Crop Production. Totaway, N.J.: Allanheld, Osmum Publications. 461 pp.
Contains an excellent series of short reviews of many current issues in the field.

Pimentel, D., ed. 1981. CRC Handbook of Pest Management in Agriculture, vol. II. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press. 501 pp.
This comprehensive text contains a wealth of information on the pesticides used in agriculture and alternatives to them, particularly biological controls. It was one of the sources for information on the cost-effectiveness of biological control versus chemical control cited in this chapter.

Ridgeway, R.L., and S.B. Vinson. 1977. Biological Control by Augmentation of Natural Enemies: Insect and Mite Control with Parasitoids and Predators. New York: Plenum Press. 480 pp.
An essential volume for anyone who is already using or is interested in rearing or using mass-reared insects or mites.

Samways, M.J. 1981. Biological Control of Pests and Weeds. New York: Edward Arnold. 58 pp.
This short, well-written college-level text has many good examples of successful biological control programs worldwide.

Swan, L.A. 1964. Beneficial Insects. New York: Harper and Row. 429 pp.
A survey of the field, with introductory chapters on different predatory and parasitic organisms.

van den Bosch, R. 1978. The Pesticide Conspiracy. New York: Doubleday. 226 pp.
A hard-hitting polemic by a man alarmed about the lack of attention given to the most powerful pest control strategy-biological control- and the logical framework for its implementation-IPM.

van den Bosch, R., P.S. Messenger, and A.P. Gutierrez. 1982. An Introduction to Biological Control. New York: Plenum Press. 247 pp.
A readable textbook-like introduction that is useful for the layperson but can also serve as an introduction for high school and college students.